Si batallas con el verbo TO BE… ¡Aprende esto para dominarlo!
El verbo to be es uno de los verbos principales en inglés y se puede encontrar en casi cualquier texto y escuchar en cualquier momento en cualquiera de sus conjugaciones y significados. Por lo tanto, es muy importante usarlo correctamente, así que déjanos ayudarte con eso.
Primero debemos saber qué significa: El verbo to be es un verbo más multiusos en el inglés, su significado puede depender del contexto en el que se encuentre. Sin embargo, aquí te dejamos sus significados más importantes:
- Ser: He is so nice! = ¡Él es muy agradable!
- Estar: It is freezing these days, right? = Está helando estos días, ¿no?
- Haber (there + to be): Is there any fruit to eat? = ¿Hay alguna fruta para comer?
Bueno, ya te hablamos de sus significados, pero ¿cuáles son los usos principales del verbo to be? Además de conocer lo que significa es muy importante saber cómo utilizarlo, así que aquí te vamos a dejar sus usos, ya que puede usarse como verbo y como auxiliar. Hablemos de ello entonces:
Como verbo nos sirve para mencionar una acción o estado del sujeto en cualquier tiempo.
He is Mexican = Él es mexicano.
I was an assistant to the director = Yo era asistente de la directora.
Como auxiliar se usa acompañado de otros verbos para dar a entender que las acciones o estados se están ejecutando en el momento. Esta conjugación lleva una terminación que seguro conoces bien: –ing.
They are practicing English at the moment = Ellos están practicando inglés en este momento.
Conjugación del verbo to be
A continuación, encontrarás las conjugaciones de los siguientes tiempos verbales: presente, pasado simple, futuro simple, presente perfecto, pasado perfecto, futuro perfecto, condicional y condicional perfecto. Además de sus formas afirmativas, negativas y de pregunta.
PRESENT
| AFFIRMATIVE | NEGATIVE | QUESTION |
| I am | I am not | Am I? |
| You are | You are not | Are you? |
| He / She / It is | He / She / It is not | Is He / She / It? |
| We are | We are not | Are we? |
| You are | You are not | Are you? |
| They are | They are not | Are they? |
E.g.
La Rosalía is writing a song about Rauw. = La Rosalía está está escribiendo una canción de Rauw.
We are really happy to be here! = Estamos muy felices de estar aquí.
PAST SIMPLE
| AFFIRMATIVE | NEGATIVE | QUESTION |
| I was | I was not | Was I? |
| You were | Were are not | Were you? |
| He / She / It was | He / She / It was not | Was He / She / It? |
| We were | We were not | Were we? |
| You were | You were not | Were you? |
| They were | They were not | Were they? |
E.g.
Barbenheimer was a mass success. = Barbenheimer fue un éxito masivo.
I was not invited to the party. = No fui invitado a la fiesta.
FUTURE SIMPLE
| AFFIRMATIVE | NEGATIVE | QUESTION |
| I will be | I will not be | Will I be? |
| You will be | We will not be | Will you be? |
| He / She / It will be | He / She / It will not be | Will He / She / It be? |
| We will be | We will not be | Will we be? |
| You were | You will not be | Will you be? |
| They were | They will not be | Will they be? |
E.g.
Taylor Swift’s gigs will be amazing! = Los conciertos de Taylor Swift serán sorprendentes!
She will not be my girlfriend anymore. = Ella ya no será más mi novia.
PRESENT PERFECT
| AFFIRMATIVE | NEGATIVE | QUESTION |
| I have been | I have not been | Have I been? |
| You have been | We have not been | Have you been? |
| He / She / It has been | He / She / It has not been | Have He / She / It been? |
| We have been | We have not been | Have we been? |
| You have been | You have not been | Have you been? |
| They have been | They have not been | Have they been? |
E.g.
She has been too busy these days. = Ella ha estado muy ocupada estos días.
Everybody has been so nice to me. = Todo mundo ha sido muy agradable conmigo.
PAST PERFECT
| AFFIRMATIVE | NEGATIVE | QUESTION |
| I had been | I had not been | Had I been? |
| You had been | We had not been | Had you been? |
| He / She / It had been | He / She / It had not been | Had He / She / It been? |
| We had been | We had not been | Had we been? |
| You had been | You had not been | Had you been? |
| They had been | They had not been | Had they been? |
E.g.
I had been waiting for this all my life. = Había estado esperando esto toda mi vida.
JLo and Ben Affleck had been couple before, hadn’t they? = JLo y Ben Affleck ya habían sido pareja antes, ¿o no?
FUTURE PERFECT
| AFFIRMATIVE | NEGATIVE | QUESTION |
| I will have been | I will not have been | Will I have been? |
| You will have been | We will not have been | Will you have been? |
| He / She / It will have been | He / She / It will not have been | Will He / She / It have been? |
| We will have been | We will not have been | Will we have been? |
| You will have been | You will not have been | Will you have been? |
| They will have been | They will not have been | Will they have been? |
E.g.
By this time tomorrow I will have been appointed the new chief. = Mañana a estas horas ya habré sido nombrado el nuevo jefe.
By 7 o’clock the project will not have been completed. = Para las 7 no habrá sido terminado el proyecto.
